Soil Liquefaction Remediation of the Port of San Diego's B Street Pier Facility Using Deep Soil Mixing

The Port of San Diego's B Street Pier facility (Pier) is the busiest cruise terminal in the City of San Diego with over a hundred ship calls annually (pre-COVID). The Pier is an approximately 9.4-acre bulkhead faced mole extending about 1,000 ft into San Diego Bay and approximately 400 ft wide. On the three offshore sides of the bulkheaded mole are marginal pile supported wharfs constructed in 1923. The upland side of the mole is a concrete gravity seawall constructed in 1900. The mole soils consist of hydraulically placed dredge spoils and are susceptible to liquefaction.The existing Pier containment walls are deemed inadequate for seismic loading, mainly due to the presence of liquefiable materials both in front of and behind the existing containment wall. A solution consisting of an improved Deep Soil Mixing (DSM) zone coupled with the installation of a new steel sheet bulkhead was selected to retrofit and upgrade the Pier to current seismic standards. A key aspect of the design was to minimize loading induced from the wharf onto the existing curtain wall during an earthquake. The DSM zone is intended to serve a triple purpose, that is to improve shear strength of the soils behind the curtain wall, to mitigate the impact of liquefaction, and to provide sufficient bearing for potential future lightly loaded structures which may be constructed on the Pier. To obtain a cost-effective design and limit the DSM zone extents, the design also needed to limit the seismic load contributions to the DSM from the marginal wharves during seismic conditions. A development plan consisting of a multi-phased construction plan was determined to meet the Port's capital improvement needs and budget. Phase I development will install the DSM zone and steel sheet pile bulkhead along the south and west face of the mole. Future work will include wharf pile and deck replacement along with completing curtain wall replacement along the north face of the mole. This paper presents the geotechnical design challenges and considerations associated with the design of the DSM and sheet pile system comprising Phase I of the development plan. Key aspects of the geotechnical design included the selection of appropriate liquefaction resistance of the DSM improved zone, designing for the lateral spread of the slope in front of the curtain wall, assessment of stability and deformation of the proposed sheet pile, and the determination of the seismic earth pressures. © ASCE.

Everyday information behavior during the "new normal” of the Covid-19 pandemic: approaching the notions of experiential and local knowledge

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to understand everyday information behavior (IB) during the Covid-19 pandemic at the "new normal” stage, focusing on the notions of experiential knowledge (EK), i.e. knowledge acquired by first-hand experience or in personal interactions, and local knowledge (LK) as perception of local environment. Design/methodology/approach: Seventeen interviews were carried out in February–May 2021, in a district of the city of Madrid (Spain). Interview transcripts were analyzed according to grounded theory, to identify major and complementary themes of EK and LK. Findings: Participants' stories show that EK cooperated with information originating from government, scientific authorities and mainstream media, in patterns of convergence and divergence. While convergence produces "thick knowledge” (knowledge perceived as solid, real and multidimensional), divergence leads to uncertainty and collaboration, but it also supports a critical stance on authorities' information. In addition, participants' perceptions of LK emphasize its human component. LK and EK are exchanged both explicitly and tacitly. Originality/value: The paper presents the first approach to understanding EK and LK and their function during the health crisis, characterizing them as alternative information systems and as topics deserving major attention in research on IB and crisis management. © 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited.

Everyday information behavior during the “new normal” of the Covid-19 pandemic: approaching the notions of experiential and local knowledge

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to understand everyday information behavior (IB) during the Covid-19 pandemic at the “new normal” stage, focusing on the notions of experiential knowledge (EK), i.e. knowledge acquired by first-hand experience or in personal interactions, and local knowledge (LK) as perception of local environment. Design/methodology/approach: Seventeen interviews were carried out in February–May 2021, in a district of the city of Madrid (Spain). Interview transcripts were analyzed according to grounded theory, to identify major and complementary themes of EK and LK. Findings: Participants’ stories show that EK cooperated with information originating from government, scientific authorities and mainstream media, in patterns of convergence and divergence. While convergence produces “thick knowledge” (knowledge perceived as solid, real and multidimensional), divergence leads to uncertainty and collaboration, but it also supports a critical stance on authorities’ information. In addition, participants’ perceptions of LK emphasize its human component. LK and EK are exchanged both explicitly and tacitly. Originality/value: The paper presents the first approach to understanding EK and LK and their function during the health crisis, characterizing them as alternative information systems and as topics deserving major attention in research on IB and crisis management. © 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited.

Características situacionales del comportamiento informacional durante el confinamiento por Covid-19: resultados de una encuesta

Objective. The health crisis caused by COVID-19 has highlighted the key role of information in situations that require adaptation to new and potentially dangerous circumstances. The objective of this study is to trace the information behaviour of a sample of people residing in Spain during the COVID-19 lockdown. Methodology. During the final week of the strictest period of lockdown, a self-administered survey emphasizing issues regarding work, family, and health was completed by 95 participants. They were asked about their reasons for using traditional and social media, the use they made of information from institutions, the characteristics of the information they considered useful, different dimensions of their information behaviour during lockdown, and the impact of lockdown on their information consumption. Results. The results suggest that respondents used traditional media mainly to understand the epidemic and to learn how to protect themselves, and made more use of social media for entertainment;social media allowed a certain level of participation, though onlyamong somerespondents. A quarter of the sample did not use ofcial information provided by the institutions at any time, while a similar percentage did so through more informal channels such as the telephone and social networks. Information from authorized sources was valued as more useful. The vast majority of the respondents felt an obligation to keep up-to-date with events and consumed more information than usual. © 2020 Universitat de Barcelona. All rights reserved.

Característiques situacionals del comportament informacional durant el confinament per la COVID-19: resultats d'una enquesta

Objective. The health crisis caused by COVID-19 has highlighted the key role of information in situations that require adaptation to new and potentially dangerous circumstances. The objective of this study is to trace the information behaviour of a sample of people residing in Spain during the COVID-19 lockdown. Methodology. During the final week of the strictest period of lockdown, a self-administered survey emphasizing issues regarding work, family, and health was completed by 95 participants. They were asked about their reasons for using traditional and social media, the use they made of information from institutions, the characteristics of the information they considered useful, different dimensions of their information behaviour during lockdown, and the impact of lockdown on their information consumption. Results. The results suggest that respondents used traditional media mainly to understand the epidemic and to learn how to protect themselves, and made more use of social media for entertainment;social media allowed a certain level of participation, though onlyamong somerespondents. A quarter of the sample did not use official information provided by the institutions at any time, while a similar percentage did so through more informal channels such as the telephone and social networks. Information from authorized sources was valued as more useful. The vast majority of the respondents felt an obligation to keep up-to-date with events and consumed more information than usual. © 2020 Universitat de Barcelona. All rights reserved.

Situational characteristics of information behavior during confinement by COVID-19: survey results

Objective. The health crisis caused by COVID-19 has highlighted the key role of information in situations that require adaptation to new and potentially dangerous circumstances. The objective of this study is to trace the information behaviour of a sample of people residing in Spain during the COVID-19 lockdown. Methodology. During the final week of the strictest period of lockdown, a self-administered survey emphasizing issues regarding work, family, and health was completed by 95 participants. They were asked about their reasons for using traditional and social media, the use they made of information from institutions, the characteristics of the information they considered useful, different dimensions of their information behaviour during lockdown, and the impact of lockdown on their information consumption. Results. The results suggest that respondents used traditional media mainly to understand the epidemic and to learn how to protect themselves, and made more use of social media for entertainment;social media allowed a certain level of participation, though onlyamong somerespondents. A quarter of the sample did not use official information provided by the institutions at any time, while a similar percentage did so through more informal channels such as the telephone and social networks. Information from authorized sources was valued as more useful. The vast majority of the respondents felt an obligation to keep up-to-date with events and consumed more information than usual.